Hello,
'The MIT Alumni for Climate Action group on Advocacy and Policy led by Jeremy Grace, PhD, published a position paper on Green Alternative Fuels. (See https://maca.earth/). This paper examines the appropriate production and use of green alternative fuels in the context of a transition to a net-zero economy. General points articulated in the paper written for maximum clarity for citizens and government representatives include (i) Hydrogen and other green alternative fuels are not a one-to-one substitution for fossil fuels; and (ii) They should be used appropriately only where direct electrification is not possible. Any green alternative fuel, including hydrogen and ammonia, must be produced in a manner that complies with the “three pillars” of the 45V Hydrogen Production Tax credit. These pillars are necessary to ensure that scale-up of green hydrogen production does not impede the needed deep cuts in CO2 emissions.'[MACA]
Here is the paper: Green Alternative Fuels MACA v1.0
From the paper: "leaked hydrogen chemically prolongs the lifetime of methane in the atmosphere, thereby contributing to global warming." Thanks for this knowledge re H2! Since H2 is so hard to contain without leakage (impossible?), this is a big deal and must be attended to for any sort of Hydrogen development!!
From pg19: "... detailed estimates suggest that if most of the US energy demand were addressed using green hydrogen, the CO2-equivalent emissions from hydrogen leakage could be as high as 10% of current emissions [37]."
[37] "Climate consequences of hydrogen emissions", Ilissa B. Ocko and Steven P. Hamburg, ACP, 22, 9349–9368, 2022 (https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9349-2022)
Thanks for reading, Rick! Yes, H2 often diffuses through materials as well if not contained properly.